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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<style xmlns="http://purl.org/net/xbiblio/csl" class="note" default-locale="en-GB" version="1.0" demote-non-dropping-particle="sort-only">
<!-- INTRODUCTION -->
<info>
<title>Irish Historical Studies</title>
<title-short>IHS</title-short>
<id>http://www.zotero.org/styles/irish-historical-studies</id>
<link href="http://www.zotero.org/styles/irish-historical-studies" rel="self"/>
<link href="http://www.irishhistoricalstudies.ie/rulesforcontribs.pdf" rel="documentation"/>
<author>
<name>Emma Reisz</name>
<email>emma.reisz@gmail.com</email>
</author>
<category citation-format="note"/>
<category field="history"/>
<issn>0021-1214</issn>
<summary>Style used by Irish Historical Studies and in several universities.</summary>
<published>2010-11-28T17:00:00+00:00</published>
<updated>2014-08-07T14:15:00+00:00</updated>
<rights license="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License</rights>
</info>
<!-- DEFINING ABBREVIATIONS USED FOR STANDARD TERMS -->
<locale xml:lang="en">
<terms>
<term name="editor" form="short">
<single>ed.</single>
<multiple>eds</multiple>
</term>
<term name="translator" form="short">trans.</term>
<term name="no date">n.d.</term>
<term name="month-01" form="short">Jan.</term>
<term name="month-02" form="short">Feb.</term>
<term name="month-03" form="short">Mar.</term>
<term name="month-04" form="short">Apr.</term>
<term name="month-05" form="short">May</term>
<term name="month-06" form="short">June</term>
<term name="month-07" form="short">July</term>
<term name="month-08" form="short">Aug.</term>
<term name="month-09" form="short">Sept.</term>
<term name="month-10" form="short">Oct.</term>
<term name="month-11" form="short">Nov.</term>
<term name="month-12" form="short">Dec.</term>
<term name="page" form="short">
<single>p.</single>
<multiple>pp</multiple>
</term>
<term name="volume" form="short">
<single>vol.</single>
<multiple>vols</multiple>
</term>
<term name="book" form="short">
<single>bk.</single>
<multiple>bks</multiple>
</term>
<term name="chapter" form="short">
<single>ch.</single>
<multiple>chs</multiple>
</term>
<term name="column" form="short">
<single>col.</single>
<multiple>cols</multiple>
</term>
<term name="figure" form="short">
<single>fig.</single>
<multiple>figs</multiple>
</term>
<term name="folio" form="short">
<single>f.</single>
<multiple>ff</multiple>
</term>
<term name="issue" form="short">
<single>no.</single>
<multiple>nos</multiple>
</term>
<term name="opus" form="short">
<single>op.</single>
<multiple>opp</multiple>
</term>
<term name="paragraph" form="short">
<single>para.</single>
<multiple>paras</multiple>
</term>
<term name="part" form="short">
<single>pt.</single>
<multiple>pts</multiple>
</term>
<term name="section" form="short">
<single>sec.</single>
<multiple>secs</multiple>
</term>
<term name="sub verbo" form="short">
<single>s.v.</single>
<multiple>s.vv</multiple>
</term>
<term name="verse" form="short">
<single>v.</single>
<multiple>vv</multiple>
</term>
<term name="open-quote">‘</term>
<term name="close-quote">’</term>
<term name="open-inner-quote">“</term>
<term name="close-inner-quote">”</term>
</terms>
</locale>
<!-- AUTHORS AND OTHER PRIMARY CONTRIBUTORS -->
<macro name="contributors-note">
<choose>
<if type="bill legal_case legislation report" match="any"/>
<else-if type="chapter paper-conference" match="any">
<names variable="author">
<name and="text" sort-separator=", " delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="never"/>
</names>
</else-if>
<else>
<names variable="author">
<name and="text" sort-separator=", " delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="never"/>
<label form="short" prefix=" (" suffix=")"/>
<substitute>
<names variable="editor"/>
</substitute>
</names>
<text macro="recipient"/>
</else>
</choose>
</macro>
<macro name="contributors-short">
<choose>
<if type="bill legal_case legislation report" match="any"/>
<else-if type="chapter paper-conference" match="any">
<names variable="author">
<name form="short" and="symbol" delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="never"/>
</names>
</else-if>
<else>
<names variable="author">
<name form="short" and="symbol" delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="never"/>
<label form="short" prefix=" (" suffix=")"/>
<substitute>
<names variable="editor"/>
</substitute>
</names>
<text macro="recipient-short"/>
</else>
</choose>
</macro>
<macro name="contributors">
<choose>
<if type="bill legal_case legislation report" match="any"/>
<else-if type="chapter paper-conference" match="any">
<names variable="author">
<name name-as-sort-order="first" and="text" sort-separator=", " delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="never"/>
</names>
</else-if>
<else>
<names variable="author">
<name name-as-sort-order="first" and="text" sort-separator=", " delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="never"/>
<label form="short" prefix=" (" suffix=")"/>
<substitute>
<names variable="editor"/>
</substitute>
</names>
<text macro="recipient"/>
</else>
</choose>
</macro>
<macro name="recipient-prefix">
<choose>
<if variable="recipient">
<choose>
<if variable="author" match="none">
<choose>
<if variable="genre">
<text variable="genre" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
</if>
<else>
<text term="letter" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
</else>
</choose>
</if>
</choose>
</if>
</choose>
</macro>
<macro name="recipient-short">
<choose>
<if type="personal_communication">
<text macro="recipient-prefix"/>
<names variable="recipient">
<label form="verb" prefix=" " suffix=" "/>
<name form="short" and="symbol" delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="never"/>
</names>
</if>
</choose>
</macro>
<macro name="recipient">
<choose>
<if type="personal_communication">
<text macro="recipient-prefix"/>
<names variable="recipient">
<label form="verb" prefix=" " suffix=" "/>
<name and="text" delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="never"/>
</names>
</if>
</choose>
</macro>
<macro name="interviewer">
<names variable="interviewer">
<label form="verb" prefix=" " text-case="capitalize-first" suffix=" "/>
<name and="text" delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="never"/>
</names>
</macro>
<macro name="description">
<group delimiter=", ">
<group delimiter=". ">
<text macro="interviewer"/>
<text variable="medium" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
</group>
<choose>
<if variable="title" match="none"/>
<else-if type="bill legal_case legislation personal_communication report speech thesis" match="none">
<text variable="genre" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
</else-if>
</choose>
</group>
</macro>
<macro name="event">
<group>
<text term="presented at" suffix=" "/>
<text variable="event"/>
</group>
</macro>
<!-- CALL NUMBER/ARCHIVE REFERENCE -->
<macro name="document-identifier-short">
<text variable="call-number"/>
<choose>
<if variable="call-number" match="none">
<text variable="archive_location"/>
</if>
</choose>
</macro>
<macro name="archive">
<group delimiter=", " prefix="(" suffix=")">
<text variable="archive"/>
<choose>
<if variable="author title" match="any">
<group delimiter=", ">
<text variable="archive_location"/>
<text variable="call-number"/>
</group>
</if>
<else-if variable="call-number">
<text variable="archive_location"/>
</else-if>
</choose>
</group>
</macro>
<macro name="document-identifier">
<group delimiter=" ">
<text macro="document-identifier-short"/>
<text macro="archive"/>
</group>
</macro>
<!-- TITLES -->
<macro name="title-short">
<choose>
<if variable="title" match="none">
<choose>
<if type="interview">
<text term="interview"/>
</if>
<else-if type="speech" match="any">
<text variable="genre" form="short"/>
</else-if>
<else-if type="article-journal article-magazine article-newspaper bill book chapter graphic legal_case legislation motion_picture paper-conference report song thesis webpage" match="none">
<choose>
<if variable="author">
<text macro="publication_date"/>
</if>
<else>
<text macro="document-identifier"/>
</else>
</choose>
</else-if>
</choose>
</if>
<else-if type="bill legislation" match="any">
<choose>
<if variable="number">
<text variable="title" form="short"/>
</if>
<else>
<text variable="title" form="short" font-style="italic"/>
</else>
</choose>
</else-if>
<else-if type="bill book graphic legal_case legislation motion_picture report song" match="any">
<text variable="title" form="short" font-style="italic"/>
</else-if>
<else>
<text variable="title" form="short" quotes="true"/>
</else>
</choose>
</macro>
<macro name="title">
<choose>
<if variable="title author" match="none">
<choose>
<if type="article-journal article-magazine article-newspaper bill book chapter graphic legal_case legislation motion_picture paper-conference report song thesis webpage" match="none">
<text macro="document-identifier-short"/>
</if>
</choose>
</if>
<else-if type="bill legislation" match="any">
<choose>
<if variable="number">
<text variable="title"/>
</if>
<else>
<text variable="title" font-style="italic"/>
</else>
</choose>
</else-if>
<else-if type="bill book graphic legal_case legislation motion_picture report song" match="any">
<text variable="title" font-style="italic"/>
</else-if>
<else>
<text variable="title" quotes="true"/>
</else>
</choose>
</macro>
<!-- SECONDARY CONTRIBUTORS -->
<macro name="translator">
<names variable="translator" delimiter=", ">
<label form="short" suffix=" "/>
<name and="text" delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="never"/>
</names>
</macro>
<macro name="editor-translator">
<group delimiter=", ">
<choose>
<if variable="author">
<names variable="editor" delimiter=", ">
<label form="short" suffix=" "/>
<name and="text" delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="never"/>
</names>
</if>
</choose>
<text macro="translator"/>
</group>
</macro>
<macro name="secondary-contributors">
<choose>
<if type="report">
<group delimiter=", ">
<names variable="author">
<name prefix="by " and="text" delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="never"/>
</names>
<text macro="translator"/>
</group>
</if>
<else-if type="chapter paper-conference" match="any">
<text macro="translator"/>
</else-if>
<else>
<text macro="editor-translator"/>
</else>
</choose>
</macro>
<macro name="container-editors">
<choose>
<if type="chapter paper-conference" match="any">
<names variable="editor" delimiter=", ">
<name and="text" delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="never"/>
<label form="short" prefix=" (" suffix=")"/>
</names>
</if>
</choose>
</macro>
<!-- SECONDARY TITLES -->
<macro name="container-title">
<choose>
<if type="bill legislation" match="any">
<choose>
<if variable="number" match="none">
<text variable="container-title"/>
</if>
</choose>
</if>
<else-if type="legal_case">
<text variable="container-title"/>
</else-if>
<else>
<text variable="container-title" font-style="italic"/>
</else>
</choose>
</macro>
<macro name="collection">
<group delimiter=", ">
<text variable="collection-title"/>
<text variable="collection-number"/>
</group>
</macro>
<macro name="container-official-pubs">
<choose>
<if type="legal_case">
<text variable="number" prefix=", "/>
<text macro="container-title" prefix=", "/>
<text variable="genre" prefix=", "/>
</if>
<else-if type="bill legislation" match="any">
<text macro="container-title" prefix=", "/>
</else-if>
<else-if type="report">
<choose>
<if variable="publisher-place publisher" match="none">
<choose>
<if variable="author translator" match="none">
<text macro="collection" prefix=", "/>
<text variable="number" prefix=" "/>
</if>
<else>
<text macro="collection" prefix=" "/>
<text variable="number" prefix=" "/>
</else>
</choose>
</if>
<else>
<text variable="number" prefix=" "/>
</else>
</choose>
<text variable="genre" prefix=", "/>
</else-if>
</choose>
</macro>
<!-- SECONDARY AUTHORS + TITLES -->
<macro name="container-publication">
<choose>
<if type="bill legal_case legislation report" match="any">
<text macro="container-official-pubs"/>
</if>
<else-if type="chapter paper-conference article-journal" match="any">
<group prefix=" in " delimiter=", ">
<text macro="container-editors"/>
<text macro="container-title"/>
</group>
</else-if>
<else>
<choose>
<if variable="title">
<group prefix=" in " delimiter=", ">
<text macro="container-editors"/>
<text macro="container-title"/>
</group>
</if>
<else-if variable="author editor" match="any">
<group prefix="in " delimiter=", ">
<text macro="container-editors"/>
<text macro="container-title"/>
</group>
</else-if>
<else>
<group delimiter=", ">
<text macro="container-editors"/>
<text macro="container-title"/>
</group>
</else>
</choose>
</else>
</choose>
</macro>
<!-- ITEM LOCATORS -->
<macro name="volume-romans">
<choose>
<if type="bill legal_case legislation legislation report" match="none">
<choose>
<if is-numeric="volume">
<number variable="volume" form="roman"/>
</if>
<else>
<text variable="volume"/>
</else>
</choose>
</if>
</choose>
</macro>
<macro name="pages">
<label variable="page" form="short"/>
<text variable="page" prefix=" "/>
</macro>
<macro name="volume-pages">
<choose>
<if variable="volume">
<text macro="volume-romans" suffix=", "/>
<text variable="page"/>
</if>
<else>
<text macro="pages"/>
</else>
</choose>
</macro>
<macro name="issue-serial">
<choose>
<if type="article-journal">
<group prefix=", " delimiter=", ">
<text macro="volume-romans"/>
<group>
<text term="issue" form="short" suffix=" "/>
<text variable="issue"/>
</group>
</group>
</if>
<else-if type="legal_case">
<group prefix=", " delimiter=" ">
<text variable="volume"/>
<text variable="container-title"/>
<text variable="page"/>
</group>
</else-if>
</choose>
</macro>
<macro name="locators-chapter">
<choose>
<if type="chapter paper-conference" match="any">
<text macro="volume-pages"/>
</if>
</choose>
</macro>
<macro name="locators-serial">
<choose>
<if type="article-journal article-newspaper" match="any">
<text macro="pages"/>
</if>
</choose>
</macro>
<macro name="locators-official-pubs">
<choose>
<if type="bill legislation" match="any">
<choose>
<if variable="number title" match="all">
<group prefix=" (" suffix=")" delimiter=" ">
<text variable="number"/>
<text variable="container-title"/>
</group>
</if>
<else-if variable="number">
<group delimiter=" ">
<text variable="number"/>
<text variable="container-title"/>
<text macro="publication_date-long" prefix="(" suffix=")"/>
</group>
</else-if>
</choose>
<text variable="volume" prefix=" "/>
<text variable="page" prefix=", "/>
</if>
<else-if type="report">
<text variable="volume" prefix=" "/>
<text variable="page" prefix=", "/>
</else-if>
</choose>
</macro>
<!-- PRINTING DETAILS -->
<macro name="edition">
<choose>
<if is-numeric="edition">
<group delimiter=" ">
<number variable="edition" form="ordinal"/>
<text term="edition" form="short"/>
</group>
</if>
<else>
<text variable="edition"/>
</else>
</choose>
</macro>
<macro name="edition-newspaper">
<choose>
<if type="article-newspaper">
<group delimiter=", ">
<text macro="edition"/>
<group>
<text term="section" form="short" suffix=". "/>
<text variable="section"/>
</group>
</group>
</if>
</choose>
</macro>
<macro name="off-pubs-printing">
<choose>
<if type="report">
<text macro="publication_date" prefix=" "/>
</if>
<else-if type="bill legislation" match="any">
<choose>
<if variable="number title" match="all">
<text macro="publication_date" prefix=", "/>
</if>
<else-if variable="number" match="none">
<text macro="publication_date" prefix=" "/>
</else-if>
</choose>
</else-if>
</choose>
</macro>
<macro name="multiple-volumes">
<group delimiter=" ">
<number variable="number-of-volumes" form="numeric"/>
<text term="volume" form="short" plural="true"/>
</group>
</macro>
<macro name="publisher">
<group delimiter=": ">
<text variable="publisher-place"/>
</group>
</macro>
<macro name="publication_date-long">
<date variable="issued">
<date-part name="day" suffix=" "/>
<date-part name="month" form="short" suffix=" "/>
<date-part name="year"/>
</date>
</macro>
<macro name="publication_date">
<choose>
<if type="article-magazine article-newspaper paper-conference personal_communication manuscript interview legal_case patent map song speech motion_picture broadcast" match="any">
<text macro="publication_date-long"/>
</if>
<else>
<date variable="issued">
<date-part name="year"/>
</date>
</else>
</choose>
</macro>
<macro name="publication">
<group delimiter=", ">
<choose>
<if type="bill book chapter graphic legal_case legislation motion_picture paper-conference report song" match="any">
<text macro="multiple-volumes"/>
</if>
</choose>
<choose>
<if type="thesis">
<group delimiter=", ">
<text variable="genre" suffix=" thesis"/>
<text variable="publisher"/>
</group>
</if>
</choose>
<text macro="collection"/>
<choose>
<if type="bill book chapter graphic legal_case legislation motion_picture paper-conference report song" match="any">
<text macro="edition"/>
</if>
</choose>
<text macro="publisher"/>
<text macro="publication_date"/>
</group>
</macro>
<macro name="printing">
<choose>
<if type="article-journal legal_case" match="any">
<text macro="publication_date" prefix=" (" suffix=")"/>
</if>
<else-if variable="publisher-place publisher" match="any">
<text macro="publication" prefix=" (" suffix=")"/>
</else-if>
<else-if type="bill legislation report" match="any">
<text macro="off-pubs-printing"/>
</else-if>
<else-if type="speech">
<choose>
<if variable="title" match="none"/>
<else>
<text variable="genre" text-case="capitalize-first" prefix=". "/>
</else>
</choose>
<text macro="event" prefix=" "/>
<text variable="event-place" prefix=", "/>
<text macro="publication_date" prefix=", "/>
</else-if>
<!-- FORMATTING FOR NEWSPAPER ARTICLES -->
<else>
<text macro="publication_date" prefix=", "/>
</else>
</choose>
</macro>
<!-- TITLE + PRINTING -->
<macro name="title-and-printing">
<group delimiter=", ">
<text macro="title"/>
<text macro="description"/>
</group>
<group delimiter=",">
<text macro="secondary-contributors" prefix=", "/>
<text macro="container-publication"/>
</group>
<text macro="issue-serial"/>
<text macro="printing"/>
</macro>
<!-- ACCESS -->
<macro name="URL">
<group delimiter=" ">
<text variable="URL" prefix="(" suffix=")"/>
<choose>
<if type="broadcast entry-dictionary entry-encyclopedia graphic post post-weblog report song speech webpage" match="any">
<date variable="accessed" prefix="(" suffix=")">
<date-part name="day" suffix=" "/>
<date-part name="month" form="short" suffix=" "/>
<date-part name="year"/>
</date>
</if>
</choose>
</group>
</macro>
<macro name="access">
<group delimiter=" ">
<choose>
<if type="article-journal article-magazine article-newspaper bill book chapter graphic legal_case legislation motion_picture paper-conference report song thesis webpage" match="none">
<text macro="archive"/>
</if>
</choose>
<text macro="URL"/>
</group>
</macro>
<!-- POINT LOCATORS (REFERENCES) -->
<macro name="point-locators-subsequent">
<group>
<choose>
<if locator="volume">
<text variable="locator"/>
</if>
<else>
<label variable="locator" form="short" suffix=" "/>
<text variable="locator"/>
</else>
</choose>
</group>
</macro>
<macro name="point-locators">
<choose>
<if type="bill legislation report" match="any">
<text macro="point-locators-subsequent" prefix=", "/>
</if>
<else>
<choose>
<if variable="locator" match="none">
<choose>
<if type="chapter paper-conference" match="any">
<text macro="volume-pages" prefix=", "/>
</if>
<else>
<text macro="pages" prefix=", "/>
</else>
</choose>
</if>
<else>
<text macro="point-locators-subsequent" prefix=", "/>
</else>
</choose>
</else>
</choose>
</macro>
<!-- FOOTNOTE OUTPUT -->
<citation et-al-min="7" et-al-use-first="1" et-al-subsequent-min="3" et-al-subsequent-use-first="1" disambiguate-add-names="true">
<layout suffix="." delimiter="; ">
<choose>
<if position="ibid-with-locator">
<group delimiter=", ">
<text term="ibid"/>
<text macro="point-locators-subsequent"/>
</group>
</if>
<else-if position="ibid">
<text term="ibid"/>
</else-if>
<else-if position="subsequent">
<group delimiter=", ">
<text macro="contributors-short"/>
<text macro="title-short"/>
<text macro="point-locators-subsequent"/>
</group>
</else-if>
<else>
<group delimiter=", ">
<text macro="contributors-note"/>
<text macro="title-and-printing"/>
</group>
<text macro="edition-newspaper" prefix=", "/>
<text macro="locators-official-pubs"/>
<text macro="point-locators"/>
<text macro="access" prefix=" "/>
</else>
</choose>
</layout>
</citation>
<!-- BIBLIOGRAPHY OUTPUT -->
<macro name="locators-bibliography">
<text macro="edition-newspaper" prefix=", "/>
<text macro="locators-official-pubs"/>
<text macro="locators-serial" prefix=", "/>
<text macro="locators-chapter" prefix=", "/>
<text macro="access" prefix=" "/>
</macro>
<macro name="sort-key-1">
<choose>
<if variable="archive">
<text value="A "/>
<text variable="archive"/>
</if>
<else-if type="bill legislation report treaty" match="any">
<text value="B "/>
</else-if>
<else-if type="legal_case">
<text value="C "/>
</else-if>
<else-if type="interview">
<text value="D "/>
</else-if>
<else-if type="article-newspaper">
<text value="E "/>
<text variable="container-title" suffix=" "/>
</else-if>
<else-if type="paper-conference personal_communication thesis" match="any">
<text value="G "/>
</else-if>
<else>
<text value="H "/>
<choose>
<if type="chapter paper-conference" match="any">
<choose>
<if variable="author">
<names variable="author">
<name delimiter=" "/>
</names>
</if>
<else>
<text value="AAAAA "/>
<text variable="title"/>
</else>
</choose>
</if>
<else>
<choose>
<if variable="author editor" match="any">
<names variable="author">
<name delimiter=" "/>
<label form="short"/>
<substitute>
<names variable="editor"/>
</substitute>
</names>
</if>
<else>
<text value="AAAAA "/>
<text variable="title"/>
</else>
</choose>
</else>
</choose>
</else>
</choose>
</macro>
<macro name="sort-key-2">
<choose>
<if variable="archive">
<text variable="archive_location"/>
</if>
</choose>
</macro>
<macro name="sort-key-3">
<choose>
<if variable="archive">
<text variable="call-number"/>
</if>
</choose>
</macro>
<macro name="sort-key-4">
<choose>
<if variable="archive">
<names variable="author">
<name delimiter=" "/>
</names>
</if>
</choose>
</macro>
<bibliography hanging-indent="true" et-al-min="11" et-al-use-first="7" subsequent-author-substitute="---" entry-spacing="0">
<sort>
<key macro="sort-key-1"/>
<key macro="sort-key-2"/>
<key macro="sort-key-3"/>
<key macro="sort-key-4"/>
<key variable="issued"/>
<key variable="title"/>
<key variable="genre"/>
</sort>
<layout>
<group delimiter=", ">
<text macro="contributors"/>
<text macro="title-and-printing"/>
</group>
<text macro="locators-bibliography"/>
</layout>
</bibliography>
</style>
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