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== External links ==
  
== External links ==
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*[https://faculty.mdanderson.org/profiles/james_allison.html Academic Home Page]
  
*[https://faculty.mdanderson.org/profiles/james_allison.html Academic Home Page]
 
*[http://www.hhmi.org/research/investigators/allison_bio.html Howard Hughes Medical Institute bio]
  
*[http://www.hhmi.org/research/investigators/allison_bio.html Howard Hughes Medical Institute bio]

Revision as of 11:34, 3 October 2018

For other people named James Allison, see James Allison (disambiguation).
James P. Allison
James P. Allison (2015).JPG
James P. Allison in 2015
Born James Patrick Allison[1]
(1948-08-07) August 7, 1948 (age 70)
Alice, Texas
Residence Houston, Texas
Nationality American
Alma mater University of Texas, Austin
Known for Cancer immunotherapy
Spouse(s) Padmanee Sharma[2]
Awards

Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences (2014)
Tang Prize (2014)[3]
Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize (2014)
Harvey Prize (2014)
Gairdner Foundation International Award (2014)
Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award (2015)[4]
Wolf Prize (2017)
Balzan Prize (2017, jointly with Robert D. Schreiber)
The Sjöberg Prize (2017, jointly with Anthony R. Hunter)
King Faisal International Prize (2018)
Albany Medical Center Prize (2018)
Dr. Paul Janssen Award for Biomedical Research (2018)[5]

Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2018, jointly with Tasuku Honjo)
Scientific career
Fields Immunology
Institutions M. D. Anderson Cancer Center
Weill Cornell Medicine
University of California, Berkeley
Doctoral advisor G. Barrie Kitto

James Patrick Allison (born August 7, 1948) is an American immunologist and Nobel laureate who holds the position of professor and chair of Immunology and executive director of immunotherapy platform at the M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. His discoveries have led to new cancer treatments for the deadliest cancers. He is also the director of the Cancer Research Institute (CRI) scientific advisory council. He has a longstanding interest in mechanisms of T-cell development and activation, the development of novel strategies for tumor immunotherapy, and is recognized as the first person to isolate the T-cell antigen receptor complex protein.[6] In 2014 and 2018, he was awarded the Tang Prize in Biopharmaceutical Science and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine respectively along with Tasuku Honjo.[7][8]

Early life

Allison was born on 7 August 1948 in Alice, Texas, the youngest of three sons of Constance Kalula (Lynn) and Albert Murphy Allison.[1] He was inspired by his 8th grade math teacher to pursue a career in science.[9] Allison earned a B.S. in microbiology from University of Texas, Austin in 1969, where he was a member of Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity. He earned his Ph.D. in biological science in 1973, also from UT Austin, as a student of G. Barrie Kitto.[citation needed]

Career

Allison was appointed a professor of immunology and director of the Cancer Research Laboratory at the University of California, Berkeley in 1985. In 2004, he moved to the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) in New York City to become the director of the Ludwig Center for Cancer Immunotherapy and the chair of the immunology program as well as the Koch chair in immunologic studies and attending immunologist at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. He was a professor of Weill Cornell Medicine and co-chair of the Department of Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis at Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences from 2004 to 2012, and also a Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) investigator until 2012, when he left to join the M. D. Anderson Cancer Center in 2012. Since 2012 he has been chair of immunology at M.D. Anderson.[10]

He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Medicine, and is a fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He is director of the Cancer Research Institute scientific advisory council. Previously, he served as president of the American Association of Immunologists.[citation needed]

Research

Cancer Therapy by Inhibition of Negative Immune Regulation (CTLA4, PD1

His research to elucidate mechanisms of T-cell responses was conducted in the late 1980s at University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center and in the 1990s at the University of California, Berkeley.[11][12] In the early 1990s, Jim Allison and Jeff Bluestone showed that CTLA-4 acts as an inhibitory molecule to restrict T cell responses. In 1996, Allison was the first to show that antibody blockade of a T-cell inhibitory molecule (known as CTLA-4) could lead to enhanced anti-tumor immune responses and tumor rejection. This concept of blocking T-cell inhibitory pathways as a way of unleashing anti-tumor immune responses and eliciting clinical benefit laid the foundation for the development of other drugs that target T-cell inhibitory pathways, which have been labeled as "immune checkpoint therapies".[9] This work ultimately led to the clinical development of ipilimumab (Yervoy), which was approved in 2011 by the FDA for the treatment of metastatic melanoma.

Allison trained at Scripps Research under tumor-immunologist Ralph Reisfeld, Ph.D., Professor Emeritus, researching human leukocyte antigens (HLA) and T cells and exploring the role HLA proteins play in enabling the immune system to distinguish self from invaders. In 1977, Allison and a colleague, G.N. Callahan, reported in a letter to Nature that they had found evidence that the immune system was prevented from attacking cancer cells due to antigens’ association with additional proteins. Finding the factors that inhibited the immune attack on cancer has been key to developing checkpoint-blockade cancer immunotherapies.

Allison's research is in molecular immunology of the T cell antigen receptor complex, co-stimulatory receptors, and other molecules involved in T cell activation. He is particularly interested in finding signals that lead to differentiation of naive T cells and also those that determine whether antigen receptor engagement will lead to functional activation or inactivation of T cells. Once defined, the basic studies are used to develop new strategies for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and immunotherapy of cancer. Most recently he has been interested in understanding the immune responses in cancer patients who respond to immunotherapy. He established the immunotherapy platform at MD Anderson Cancer Center to study immune responses in cancer patients.[13]

Honors

In 2011 Allison won the Jacob Heskel Gabbay Award for Biotechnology and Medicine[14] and was awarded the American Association of Immunologists Lifetime Achievement Award.[15] In 2013 he shared the Novartis Prize for Clinical Immunology. In 2014 he shared the first Tang Prize in Biopharmaceutical Science with Tasuku Honjo,[3] won the 9th Annual Szent-Györgyi Prize for Progress in Cancer Research of the National Foundation for Cancer Research, received the $3 million Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences, the Canada Gairdner International Award,[16] the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize,[17] and the Harvey Prize [18] of the Technion Institute of Technology in Haifa. In 2015, he received the Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award.[4] For 2017 he received the Wolf Prize in Medicine [19] and the Balzan Prize for Immunological Approaches in Cancer Therapy (this prize jointly with Robert D. Schreiber). [20] In 2018 he received the King Faisal International Prize in Medicine[21], the Jessie Stevenson Kovalenko Medal and the Albany Medical Center Prize in Medicine and Biomedical Research.[22] He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2018 jointly with Tasuku Honjo for their discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation.[23][24]

Personal life

Allison is married to M.D. Anderson colleague Padmanee Sharma. His mother died of lymphoma when he was eleven. His brother died of prostate cancer in 2005. He plays the harmonica for a blues band of immunologists and oncologists called the Checkpoints. He also plays with a local band called the Checkmates.[2]

References

  1. ^ a b https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VD62-RT3
  2. ^ a b Ackerman, Todd (30 December 2015). "For pioneering immunotherapy researcher, the work is far from over". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  3. ^ a b "First Tang Prize for Biopharmaceutical Science Awarded to James P. Allison, PhD, and Tasuku Honjo, MD, PhD". www.tang-prize.org. ASCO Post. 10 July 2014. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  4. ^ a b Foundation, Lasker. "Unleashing the immune system to combat cancer | The Lasker Foundation". The Lasker Foundation. Lasker Foundation. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  5. ^ "James Allison wins 2018 Dr. Paul Janssen Award for Biomedical Research". Retrieved 11 September 2018.
  6. ^ "James Allison". Cancer Research Institute. Cancer Research Institute. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  7. ^ "2014 Tang Prize in Biopharmaceutical Science". Archived from the original on 2017-10-20. Retrieved 2016-06-18.
  8. ^ Devlin, Hannah (2018-10-01). "James P Allison and Tasuku Honjo win Nobel prize for medicine". the Guardian. Retrieved 2018-10-01.
  9. ^ a b Cavallo, Jo (15 September 2014). "Immunotherapy Research of James P. Allison, PhD, Has Led to a Paradigm Shift in the Treatment of Cancer - The ASCO Post". www.ascopost.com. ASCO Post. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  10. ^ "James P. Allison, Ph.D. - Immunology - Faculty - MD Anderson Cancer Center". faculty.mdanderson.org. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  11. ^ Leach, D. R.; Krummel, M. F.; Allison, J. P. (1996-03-22). "Enhancement of Antitumor Immunity by CTLA-4 Blockade". Science. American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). 271 (5256): 1734–1736. doi:10.1126/science.271.5256.1734. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 8596936.
  12. ^ "The Story of Yervoy (Ipilimumab)".
  13. ^ "James P. Allison - Researcher Profile | Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center". Memorial Sloan - Kettering Cancer Center. Retrieved 10 January 2013.
  14. ^ "Past winners". brandeis.edu. Brandeis University. Retrieved 1 October 2018.
  15. ^ "Past Recipients". The American Association of Immunologists. Retrieved 19 September 2018.
  16. ^ Ackerman, Todd (4 April 2014). "The scientist who just might cure cancer". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  17. ^ "Horwitz Prize Awarded for Work on Therapy That Uses the Immune System to Destroy Cancer Cells". Cumc.columbia.edu. 2014-10-02. Retrieved 2018-10-01.
  18. ^ Harvey Prize 2014 Archived 2015-07-02 at the Wayback Machine.
  19. ^ "Wolf Prize to be awarded to eight laureates from US, UK and Switzerland". Jpost.com. 2017-01-03. Retrieved 2018-10-01.
  20. ^ "Fondazione Balzan". www.balzan.org.
  21. ^ "King Faisal International Prize 2018". Kfip.org. 2018-04-01. Retrieved 2018-10-01.
  22. ^ "Trailblazing Researchers in Immunotherapy Selected to Receive America's Most Distinguished Prize in Medicine". Amc.edu. 2018-08-15. Retrieved 2018-10-01.
  23. ^ "Discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation" (PDF). The Nobel Assembly. Retrieved 1 October 2018.
  24. ^ Hannah, Devlin. "James P Allison and Tasuku Honjo win Nobel prize for medicine". The Guardian. Retrieved 1 October 2018.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James_P._Allison&oldid=862285735"